Jean Watson’s Caring Theory an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Jean Watson’s Caring Theory Abstract Need essay sample on "Jean Watsons Caring Theory" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Nursing theories are undeniably being taken for granted because they are not yet facts. Little do these people know that without nursing theories, health care would not be as efficient and effective as it is today. Because of this, this paper is designed to appreciate the theory with Jean Watson as proponent. Her theory on caring will prove how important it is for nurses to show concern to their patients. The relationship of the nurse and the patient is crucial in the recovery and healing stage of the patient, and this theory explains all the reasons why. Our Customers Often Tell EssayLab writers: I'm not in the mood to write my essay. But I want to spend time with my girlfriend Professional writers suggest: Write a Good Thesis Statement Introduction Nursing theories are important in health care, and not a lot of nurses and other medical practitioners know that. Some of them think that nursing theories are only for school, in which student nurses review these for a long exam or a simple class recitation. Nursing theories are as important as nursing facts because without these theories, nurses would not be able to fully apply what they have learned in school. One of the most effective theorists of all times is Jean Watson. She is known for her Theory of Caring. Before Jean Watsons Caring Theory is discussed, it will help to know the theorists background first. Watson is a nursing scholar who now resides in Boulder, Colorado but was born and raised in West Virginia (McEwen and Willis, 2007, p. 191). She had her undergraduate degree at the University of Colorado where she finished psychology and nursing. Her hunger for knowledge manifested when she finished her masters degree. She had psychiatric-mental health nursing as her MA, and educational psychology and counseling as her Ph.D (McEwen and Willis, 2007, p. 191). At the School of Nursing in University of Colorado, Watson is the Murchinson-Scoville Chair in Caring Science and also a Distinguished Professor in Nursing. She is the founder of the Colorados Center for Human Caring (McEwen and Willis, 2007, p. 191). She is also affiliated to the American Academy of Nursing and it is no surprise that she has received numerous honorary doctoral degrees and other honors both from the national and the international scene (McEwen and Willis, 2007, p. 191). Because of her theory of human caring, and her philosophies that shaped her opinions and insights, Jean Watson was able to publish a book explaining her theory. Today, her theory is being taught in schools. Nurses from the different parts of the globe study her thoughts and insights (McEwen and Willis, 2007, p. 191). According to Jean Watson, her theory is bound by three basic elements. The first element is the carative factor. When it comes to caractive factor, Watson includes ten steps in her theoretical framework (McEwen and Willis, 2007, p. 191). The Caractive Factor These ten steps include altruistic and humanistic system of values, presence of hope and love, being sensitive not only to the self but also to other people, fostering relationships that are trustworthy and helpful, expressing feelings which can either be positive or negative, being able to know how to solve problems and be caring at the same time, how to learn and how to teach in a transpersonal manner, developing a supportive environment, being able to assist the needs of fellow humans and lastly, being sensitive to forces that are spiritual, phenomenological and existential (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). As Watson developed her theory, she made it known the idea of clinical caritas process which is now what people study in lieu of her caractive factors. With these new processes, it can be seen that there is a larger and more enormous spiritual dimension involved. Caritas is a Greek word that means to give attention, to treasure or to cherish. Now, below are some ways in which Watson applies the caractive factors in caring for clinical patients (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). Caritas can be applied when practicing love, equanimity and kindness as long as a nurse is under conscious caring. A nurse should also be present because the one being taken care of has to have his or her subjective world and belief system supported and enabled. Patients must be taught how to sustain and develop their transpersonal selves, their spiritual practices, compassion and the way they are sensitive with other people (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). Caring relationship must be developed at all times, and must be sustained with trust and a helping environment. It is also important to support and be aware of how a patient expresses feelings, be it negative or positive, in order for the patient to be closer with his or her inner self (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). Of course, this way, the bonding between the nurse and the patient is also cultivated. To properly care for the patient, it is important to be creative, too, because this way, the nurse will surely have to find ways to know how to care for the patient in a better way. Creativity is important when it comes to healing and caring practices (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). Of course, caring is an art, so creativity is needed in this theory. It is also important to engage in a real experience bound by teaching and learning. In a real teaching-learning experience, the nurse must be able to let the patient know how to unite meaning and being and at the same time, the nurse should also be able to teach the patient to stay inside the frame of reference of other people (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). A healing environment is also important for a patient, be it a physical or a non-physical environment. The healing environment must be characterized by peace, dignity, comfort, beauty, wholeness, consciousness and of course, energy (Johnson and Bayliss, 2004, p. 173). Assisting the patient with his or her basic needs is also crucial, because this is where a nurse administers the essentials of human care. When these essentials are employed, it automatically means that the mind, body and spirit of the patient are all united. He or she has to understand the unity of being and wholeness (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). This way, the nurse is able to evolve the emergence of the spirit, and attend to the embodied spirit in a patient. Human care in Watson's theory is therefore not just all about caring for the sick, but for showing kindness and concern for the soul (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). The Transpersonal Caring Relationship The second element of Watsons theory is the transpersonal caring relationship. Transpersonal caring relationship, according to Watson, focuses not on ordinary care, but on a special one that relies on the following: the moral commitment of the nurse when it comes to shielding human dignity and spiritual self, and that is just one (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). The caring consciousness of the nurse which he or she expresses in order to honor and preserve the self and the soul, thereby not decreasing the perspective for a person into someone with a moral status of a material thing is another. The caring consciousness of the nurse is also needed when it comes to healing because with this process, what takes place are connection thats intentional along with perception and experience (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). Transpersonal relationship is about how a nurse does not only administer objective assessment but beyond it as well. A nurse should care about the deeper meaning of the patient's health care. He or she should understand the subjective part of the patient's personality. A nurse does not only assist the doctor or assist the patient when taking in medicine. A nurse is also responsible for helping the patient understand his or her perspective and in this way, the mutuality between the patient and the nurse is better appreciated (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). Mutuality, of course, has to be achieved the whole time because this is important to the relationship as the patient is healing and recovering. As a result, one is called the caring one, and the other is referred to as the one being cared for. They both connect to look for wholeness and meaning (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). What is truly achieved in this connection is pain's spiritual transcendence. Why, then, is the term transpersonal used? Transpersonal, in this context, is about going beyond the ego today, right at this moment, as an inpidual reaches more profound and more defined spiritual connections in encouraging healing and comfort. The goal of this theorys element is to promote inner harmony, wholeness, humanity and dignity, and at the same time preserve all of these (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). The Caring Moment or The Caring Occasion According to Watson, a caring moment is the time when a patient and a nurse unites, fostering human caring. The two engage in human-to-human interaction even when they both are different from each other. A field matches an inpiduals frame of reference. Summing up the experience of humans, it can be found out that this is made of meaning, perceptions, considerations, expectations, goals, beliefs, thoughts, sensations and feelings. All these depend on the history of the inpidual's life, and everything that happened to him or her in the past. It is also based on the present moment, and of course, on how the person sees his or her future (Marriner-Tomey and Alligood, 2006, p. 105). Clinical Application To apply this theory, then, a nurse must be aware of Jean Watsons theory for him or her to know that he or she should stay beside a patient and for sharing a caring moment. This way, the nurse will know how to properly handle the patient and the situation as the nurse discusses the various goals of a patient's hospitalization (Zraigat, 2007, p. 5). The patient, on the other hand, will learn how to understand why he is in the hospital. He will learn to accept the treatments being administered to him. He will be aware of the status of his health and therefore, he himself will find ways to make his situation better (Zraigat, 2007, p. 5). A nurse will share a caring moment with the patient. The nurse will assure the patient that whatever grief is being experienced at the moment, the nurse experiences it, too. The nurse will learn to find ways through this theory, on how to reach out to the patient emotionally, while making sure that the patient is comfortable (Zraigat, 2007, p. 6). References Johnson, B. M. and Bayliss, P. (2004). An Introduction to Theory and Reasoning in Nursing. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Marriner-Tomey, A. and Alligood, M.R.. (2006). Nursing Theorists and Their Work. Mosby/Elsevier. McEwen, M. and Wills, E. (2007). Theoretical Basis for Nursing. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Taylor, C., C. Lillis and LeMone, P. (2000). Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Nursing Care. Lippincott. Zraigat, H. (2007). Integration of Watson's Theory Within Nursing Practice. North Dakota State University.

Free Essays on Freedom Of The Mind

Freedom of the Mind Fredrick Douglass was born into slavery, but died as a free man. He explains education as â€Å"the pathway from slavery to freedom.† Education has not only become means of learning to read and write. In today’s society, ignorance seems to enslave people in terms of perceiving reality. A child is born into the world with no means of differentiating perspectives of his or her society. Education today is the pathway to freedom psychologically, by learning to accommodate schemas, detect conservation, and avoid geocentricism. As soon as you come out of your mother’s womb, you start to develop schemas of your surroundings. Schemas are the way in which we organize information that we have received. As a parent, there are certain things you must know how to do in order to teach your child how to accommodate these schemas, or the child may never learn how to accommodate new ideas. For example, a baby sitting in his high chair will drop his orange juice more than 100 times. If a parent scolds their child for doing this, the parent is not allowing the child to experience the reality of their first schema. As the child continuously drops his orange juice, he is developing the concept that objects fall when dropped, creating his own sense of science. This becomes very important when the child sees a balloon for the first time. The child now has to accommodate his new schema that not only do objects fall, but they go up as well. Being able to differentiate between these two schemas develops the childâ€⠄¢s understanding of the world in terms of reality. He is now able to see that there are different ways in which things happen, not only with objects, but in his everyday life. The child creates freedom for itself to better understand reality. After accommodating schemas has been mastered, the child needs to learn the concept of conservation. In which he learns that things can be the same, even when changed slightly. For ... Free Essays on Freedom Of The Mind Free Essays on Freedom Of The Mind Freedom of the Mind Fredrick Douglass was born into slavery, but died as a free man. He explains education as â€Å"the pathway from slavery to freedom.† Education has not only become means of learning to read and write. In today’s society, ignorance seems to enslave people in terms of perceiving reality. A child is born into the world with no means of differentiating perspectives of his or her society. Education today is the pathway to freedom psychologically, by learning to accommodate schemas, detect conservation, and avoid geocentricism. As soon as you come out of your mother’s womb, you start to develop schemas of your surroundings. Schemas are the way in which we organize information that we have received. As a parent, there are certain things you must know how to do in order to teach your child how to accommodate these schemas, or the child may never learn how to accommodate new ideas. For example, a baby sitting in his high chair will drop his orange juice more than 100 times. If a parent scolds their child for doing this, the parent is not allowing the child to experience the reality of their first schema. As the child continuously drops his orange juice, he is developing the concept that objects fall when dropped, creating his own sense of science. This becomes very important when the child sees a balloon for the first time. The child now has to accommodate his new schema that not only do objects fall, but they go up as well. Being able to differentiate between these two schemas develops the childâ€⠄¢s understanding of the world in terms of reality. He is now able to see that there are different ways in which things happen, not only with objects, but in his everyday life. The child creates freedom for itself to better understand reality. After accommodating schemas has been mastered, the child needs to learn the concept of conservation. In which he learns that things can be the same, even when changed slightly. For ...

Three Men in a Boat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Three Men in a Boat - Essay Example I crawled out a decrepit wreck.† This situation happens when one tries to assimilate the knowledge on a subject on which one is not competent of assimilating! The contents of this book, written about a century ago are prophetic as for the thinking of majority of the humankind and the medical fraternity (especially the western medical system.) Even for small ailments people visit the doctors and the doctors create a grim situation on small health issues to extract as many dollars from the patients, as is possible! The overall merit of the book is-- the serious issues are commented in a humorous style. It contains lots of practical philosophical advice, told in a subtle manner. The three men in the boat are George, Harris and the narrator, who are great hypochondriacs—they are convinced that they are suffering from every type of diseases, even though there is nothing wrong with their physical equipment as such. Even in the so-called grim situation of their lives, their-sel f assessment about the state of health evokes ironic laughter. Jerome writes, â€Å"I sat and pondered. I thought what an interesting case I must be from a medical point of view, what an acquisition I should be to a class! Students would have no need to â€Å"walk the hospitals,† if they had me. I was a hospital in myself.

Merits of Joining a Human Resources Professional Association Essay

Merits of Joining a Human Resources Professional Association - Essay Example Keeping in mind that one is in the establishment stage of his/her career with the expectation of acquiring the position of a manager, the membership of Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) had been found to be suitable. This is because, in addition to providing professional membership, SHRM provides opportunities to enhance owns knowledge, gain information from fellow members through networking and access to valuable resources pertaining to latest HR issues. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 3 Overview 4 Relative Merits of Joining a Human Resources Professional Association 4 Comparative Analysis of some of the Human Resources Professional Associations 6 Society for Human Resource Management 6 Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development 7 Dubai Human Resources Forum 8Â   Arabian Society for HR Management 9 Australian Human Resource Institute 10 Decision of the Selection of a Human Resources Professional Association and its Justification 11 Conclusion 13 References 15 Overview This report discusses the relative merits of joining a Human Resources Professional Association. The report conducts a comparative analysis of some of the renowned Human Resources Professional Associations and then selects a particular association that suits the professional requirements considering the candidate’s career stage. ... Â  As an individual with around 14 years of experience in the Human Resource Department (HRD), the rationale for willingness to join a Professional Association is to develop and enhance the HR skills by means of journals as well as magazines which are comprised with the membership of any Professional Association. Involvement with a Professional Association provides with the opportunity to attend conferences as well as conventions with proficient and professional speakers. Thus, being a member of a Human Resource Professional Association would provide an HR professional with an opportunity to access his/her career proceedings and specific human resource job listings. In addition to this, Professional Associations offer career networking opportunities with other members of the association. Human Resource Professional Association gives an individual admittance to the most beneficial and existing HR networks as a professional (Gatewood & Et. Al., 2010) Furthermore, Human Resource Profes sional Association would augment an individual’s professional development in addition to presenting information about issues pertaining to HRD. Every local or the international Human Resource Professional Association publishes informative newsletters and journals related to issues of Human Resource Management (HRM). Such Professional Associations also update their websites with significant HR issues along with fresh developments in the HR field. Moreover, these Professional Associations regularly coordinate and conduct professional development programs and conferences consisting of industry associated exposures and knowledge for their members.

Discuss the difference between leadership and management in nursing an Essay

Discuss the difference between leadership and management in nursing an prioritizing and managing client care - Essay Example ts essence involves gathering people from different domains and motivating them to achieve organizational goals through knowledge sharing and expertise. Specifically, a leader is one who lends a helping hand to those who are not able to realize their potential and go for their aims. In nursing, while the staff nurse is the leader to entry level nurses, the latter are leaders to ultimate clients. Management takes on a more individualized form when nursing is talked of. This is so because in nursing, client care is to be accomplished which is the duty of every single nurse and as such, nurses are required to have the competencies of time management, communication skills and other management skills of planning, organizing and others. In this essence, management in nursing involves judicious and critical use of scare resources optimally for the benefit of the client and the organization. Leadership and management are used synonymously most of the times. However, the two carry different meanings in nursing parlance. In terms of client care management, entry level nurses are equipped with expertise, experience and knowledge which provide guidelines for them to act as client care managers. On the other hand, awareness of organizational policies, protocols and regulations encourage in them the personality of a leader whereby they are able to direct their followers and align their individual goals with that of organizational goals. During entry level, nurses are required to take care of the clients directly through observations and careful usage of the available resources. They have to manage the aspects if time, shifts, materials, supervision and services for clients which are not commanded as in case of passive nursing (Richardson et al. 2007). Thus, they act in the role of decision makers for cost effective use of resources without feeling overburdened and not letting the client feel unobserved. This demonstrates the management skills adopted by nurses in delivering

McDonaldization Essay examples -- essays research papers

McDonaldization About seven months ago, I met an American guy who had arrived at New Zealand just a few days before. While exchanging our sentiments (I am from Japan) on New Zealand and its culture, the guy told me how he was surprised to see the country is so Americanised, mentioning McDonald’s as one of the examples. Now, in a different sense, this was surprising to me, too. I had never had the idea that having McDonald’s is being Americanised. In fact, McDonald’s is nearly everywhere in the world so that many people think it has already become part of their own cultures. But then the question arises: How did this come to be the case? Here is a brief outline of its history (based on Hebert, 1997; McDonald’s Corp., 1997; Mclennan, 1996). History In 1937, McDonald’s was founded as a small local restaurant by two brothers, Maurice and Richard McDonald in Pasadena, California. In 1948, the brothers then converted their barbecue drive-in with car hops into limited-menu, self-service drive-in, in San Bernardino, California - the first advent of quick service restaurant industry. It is in April 1955, however, that the real ‘McDonald’s Corporation’ launched, by a salesman called Ray Kroc, who gained exclusive US franchising rights from the brothers. Starting with Des Plaines, Illinois, McDonald’s rapidly extended its outlets first over the Chicago area, then the US and eventually all over the world, including two largest restaurants in Moscow (1990) and Beijing (1992), both with 700 seats. There are currently over 21,000 restaurants in more than 100 countries (and about 100 in New Zealand), and the 1996 year-end systemwide sales reached 31.812 billion dollars, 59 percent of which came from the outside of the US. McDonaldization The worldwide business of McDonald’s is not just a globalisation of its economy. In his book, ‘The McDonaldization of Society,’ the American sociologist Dr. George Ritzer (1993, cited by Allan, 1997) contends that it also represents the process of rationalisation - â€Å"... the master concept of Max Weber’s analysis of modern capitalism, referring to a variety of related processes by which every aspect of human action became subject to calculation, measurement and control† (Abercrombie, Hill & Turner, 1988, p.902, cited by Allan, 1997). According to Ritzer, McDonaldization can be understood in terms of the following aspects: (1) Eff... ...t Since I am not a sociology-major student, my understanding of McDonaldization may not be accurate, and I certainly do not have a clue on whether such phenomena are good or bad. Still, the point I want to make here is clear: Our societies are increasingly reigned by global standards, which profoundly affect the way we think, process information, and interact with others. (Yes, I know this is a kind of clichà © in psychology.) Without doubt, McDonald’s and its ideas define part of our lives, and across cultures, we definitely share certain commonalities, both materially and psychologically. The only concern that remains, however, is the fact that the standardisation is typically based on the fashion preferred by those who are socially affluent or culturally dominant. In this regard, the same is true for the ‘internet’ system. Surely, this technology is a revolutionary tool that not only removes boundaries from the realms of our social interactions, but also pushes further the potential of human cognitive development. Nonetheless, information found on the net is the product of people who have access to computers, with inevitable reflection of their own personal or social viewpoints.

Book Review: International Conflict Resolution Essay

The first chapter of the book talks about the peace-making and de-escalation strategies. It discusses the theoretical approaches of statism, pluralism and populism in reference to the international conflict. The author of the book convinces the reader that effective conflict resolution should make use of convincing power and positive sanctions. Therefore, he argues that win-win solutions are achievable in international conflict. In the second chapter the relation of US and USSR and cases of Middle East are used to observe the de-escalation efforts. The third chapter takes the example of US-USSR and Arab-Israel de-escalation activities to present some chronologies. Four de-escalation patterns are identified using these chronologies: frequency of initiatives, multiple de-escalation initiatives, and activity level of activity among conflicting countries. In chapter four the author explains the reasons of de-escalation activities and its timings. Factors such as domestic situation, international perspective, and associations between conflicting parties are the presented in this chapter. (Conflict Research Consortium Staff, 2010) Chapter five explains the process of initiating the process of negotiation. The author explores different initiatives and tells which ones are more effective for negotiations. The chapter brings into light the factors resulting in negotiations between conflicting parties. Chapter six explores the negotiation process completely. Kriesberg presents the example of US-USSR and Arab-Israel to analyze different negotiated agreements (Mitchell, 1996). Taking into account these examples, the author creates guidelines for effective negotiations. In chapter seven the author describes the consequences of negotiations. It identifies the effective negotiations leading to long-term de-escalation efforts. Chapter eights draws on the conclusion of peace making efforts. With the help of his findings, he concludes the way in which some countries improve their relations and others still remain conflicted. The last chapter analyzes the impacts of conflicts between nations. The author explains the cost that the countries have to bear and presents policies. In the end, the author comes up with the relationship between peace-making and de-escalation (Conflict Research Consortium Staff, 2010). This book is a comprehensive study of international conflict de-escalation process. With the use of chronologies and tables, the author makes the study more meaningful and easy to understand. It contributes to the study of international relations by presenting a conflict resolution perspective. The book addresses the issue which needs future consideration. Kriesberg’s work lacks theoretical implication but it is practical. International conflict resolution is pioneered in this work and brought it into consideration. The author presents his idea in a persuasive way and explains easily why some inflicts are protracted. The book provides some useful concepts to resolve conflicts and peace-making policies (Simon, 1994). However, book limits itself in providing propositions about the irreversible and complex processes. It raises some important issues like what are the conditions that result in de-escalation initiatives? In what conditions these initiatives leads to negotiations? And finally, how these negotiations results in agreements? The author is successfully able to answer these questions in an effective way (Holsti, 1993). Strengths and Weaknesses of the Book The book is a well organized and well-written by the author. It provides sound understanding of the arguments presented by the author. The unique feature of this book is that the author is able to identify the impacts of agreements. He is able to put forward the questions that are critical to international relations and are helpful in peace-making agreements. However, the methodology adopted in evaluating these questions is off-putting but comes up with some effective conclusions and future policies. Moreover, Kriesberg is not able to justify the causes of failed negotiations and some successful initiatives (Holsti, 1993). Hence, the book faces some validity issues. The analysis throughout the book is enriched by historical references and material representing opportunities and constraints, both in international and domestic context. The author emphasizes that good will and the positive attitude of the people is critical to negotiations. It encourages them and motivates them to work in the right direction and reaching some agreements. Therefore, the book is less controversial and is able to present a broader and positive view of the author. Another advantage of this book is that it provides references according to the context that helps in the better understanding of the arguments and provides the author an easy way to justify his reasoning. The historical material enhances the validity of the content presented in the book. The approach adopted by the author is to provide long lasting solutions to the problems, which is a more practical approach. Kriesberg in this book is able to provide approaches that are complete in nature as many authors have been providing approaches that do contribute a lot but are incomplete. Kriesberg has clearly presented the strengths and weaknesses of the concepts and approaches that he has used in the book. However, due to the use of just two major conflicts, the issue of comparison arises. The drawback of the book is that the language used in the book is difficult to understand by the reader, however, the content of the book is highly informative, providing insight into the subject. By dividing the book into number of chapters, the book is presented in a proper flow that makes the understanding much easier.